Re: What magnified optics are in use by military?
Army:
M110- Leupold M2 3.5-10x40
M107- Leupold M4 4-14x50
M24- Leupold M3A 10x40
XM2010- Leupold M5 6.5-20x50
That is standard issue items- units may buy other optics, and SOCOM units will have optics provided by socom (NF for example)
Going to have to ask a USMC sniper for the dope on what their rifles are currently running, but last I heard they have something of a mix as noted above.
One thing that agrivates me is that as new optics come out, and they adopt new rifles, on the army side, they will often go with optics that are more in-tune with what is the best options available. The problem is that they fail to update their legacy optics. Thus you end up with a range of optics set-up very differently (some mil/mil, or mil/moa, some SFP, or FFP, some illuminated, some not) instead of one pattern of specs (example- FFP, Mil/Mil, illuminate, exposed turrets w zero stops). Changing this would really streamline things. But like everything else, that would cost money.
EDIT: Consider the fact that the military does not buy the "best" but the best for their contract purposes. Especially the big Army- they want someone who can supply the volume of optics and repair those optics. Thus leupold always wins out