Re: High pressures with a .40 handgun
I am afraid the problem you are going to run into with your needs is that a gun to "just shoot" and a gun that would be suitable for carry, specifically in Alaska, is that the caliber needed for usefulness against brown bears is going to be incompatible with cheap ammo for "shooting".
I will preface this with saying I have never killed a bear with a handgun.. but I do believe they can be killed with a handgun under good conditions. Seeing and subsequently stalking the bear to 30 yards or so and putting a planned shot on it based on my timing is one thing. Being seen by the bear and it rushing you from the scrub at 15 yards is a different game.
It sounds like what you are wanting is for bear defense, not bear hunting, for that I would think at a minimum a .44 and more reasonably a .454 casull or better. Any N or X frame Smith capable of handling those rounds is not exactly going to be easily concealed.
In the .44 Mag, you could use .44 spl just for shooting. In the .454 Casull, you can shoot .45LC. However, neither is what I would call cheap to shoot recreationally.