Re: 6.5x284 Short or Long Action
The .501 case body and 480 case head combined with a steep entry angle into the feedramp/breech face can (not always) make reliable feeding a challenge. The case will want to try and slip under the bolt face and then the gun just locks up. Longer box magazines squashed into a short action are just trying to emulate what a long action already does for you.
-you get the baby without all the labor pains (I love Al Pachino's way of putting things)
The icing is virutally unlimited freedom with heavy 6.5 bullets in terms of seating depth. Just know that for a repeating/sporter type rifle you'll probably have best results with a fair amount of neck tension. The cartridges will be inclined to try and bounce around in the magazine during recoil. (not that a 6.5x285 kicks all that much, but in a light weight huntin/killin machine recoil will be more noticable) Increasing neck tension helps ensure that the seating depth doesn't change as you cycle through a magazine of ammunition. -The last round being the one that gets its ass kicked the most because it had to put up with every shot before it.
The added neck tension can make the pressures go up a bit more. Especially with conservative neck ID chambers. Because of this I'd run a SAAMI neck. You need the case to "let go" of the bullet as pressure builds.
If we were discussing this build, I'd say clamp down on neck tension, run a SAAMI ID neck for the chamber, throat the bugger so that you take full advantage of the powder column, and allow the thing to have around .02-,05 distance off the lands. Some may not agree with the freebore due to how aggressive this cartridge is on a barrel. A 1K target rifle that see's sustained shot strings every weekend will eat a barrel much quicker than one that sees maybe 250 rounds a year.
You want the gun to "cough" the bullet down the bore. When a gun "sneezes" you'll see the difference right away with pressure, standard deviation, and ultimately vertical on the target at longer distances. Neck tension, seating depth, bullet weight, bullet bearing surface length, and powder charge influence this.
The weight difference between a long/short action is minimal. A few ounces saved can turn into pounds worth of aggravation when a gun doesn't run reliably.
Good luck!
C.