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Gunsmithing Carbon wrapped barrel

sirhitalot

Private
Full Member
Minuteman
Nov 21, 2011
61
7
34
bergen, norway
Hi, im currently planing making a carbon wrapped barrel (for myself).
im currently thinking of using the QuickLoad application to find the pressure development and dimension the inner steel barrel so that it will be safe to fire on its own. Then i will wind carbon fiber / epoxy on top to gain better stiffness and thereby accuracy and better heat dispersion properties. I have access to a pretty neat filament winding machine, just have to learn how to use it yet:)
Thinking specifically on wrapping angles etc.
Ive tried to mail christensen arms for any tips, but no reply.

Have anyone done anything like this?
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

Don't believe everything you read about heat dissipation properties, increased stiffness, etc etc about the carbon wrapped barrels.

Take it from someone that does a lot of CFRP structural analysis on far more complex structures, the marketing information out there on the various CFRP barrel coverings is simply marketing fluff. The companies that show thermal test data and write conclusions don't understand their own data enough to realize what's happening but to those that have not had the education from experience in engineering composite structures the rationalizations "make sense".

Safety is a priority here and your approach, without the detailed structural insight that comes from doing the "in depth" composite analysis will leave you with a hugely questionable item.

If you want to lose weight from a barrel, just change the contour. It's not hard to get a pencil thin barrel that will shoot, just order one from the appropriate contour from Krieger, Bartlein, Broughton, etc. etc. and have a good rifle builder install it.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

it will be stiffer than a pencil-barrel, thats for sure... You dont believe that the carbon fibre will better the accuracy ? As far as the safety goes, how do you explain that an already safe contour will be questionable when applying CF? The heat dispersion isnt too important to me.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: bohem</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Don't believe everything you read about heat dissipation properties, increased stiffness, etc etc about the carbon wrapped barrels.

Take it from someone that does a lot of CFRP structural analysis on far more complex structures, the marketing information out there on the various CFRP barrel coverings is simply marketing fluff. The companies that show thermal test data and write conclusions don't understand their own data enough to realize what's happening but to those that have not had the education from experience in engineering composite structures the rationalizations "make sense".

Safety is a priority here and your approach, without the detailed structural insight that comes from doing the "in depth" composite analysis will leave you with a hugely questionable item.

If you want to lose weight from a barrel, just change the contour. It's not hard to get a pencil thin barrel that will shoot, just order one from the appropriate contour from Krieger, Bartlein, Broughton, etc. etc. and have a good rifle builder install it. </div></div>


bowdown.gif
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

I have a carbon fiber silencer, bought from a company who hyped it as being "the shit." They said that it dissipated heat so quickly that it would not get overheated. Yes, I could fire 5 rounds through it, and it was only moderately warm. I gathered from this that it was HOLDING IN the heat, and not dissipating it at all.

Later it exploded into a glorious carbon fiber mess. The heat cycles had weakened the epoxy used to hold the carbon fiber together. This was with less than 200 rounds through it, slow fire, most of them 300 Blackout (weak!)

The epoxy used to bind commercial carbon fiber is only good for 300-400 degrees, and probably starts to get soft long before that. It's great for canoe paddles, but I would never again use it in a high heat environment.

Best of luck to you.

-Dan
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: sirhitalot</div><div class="ubbcode-body">it will be stiffer than a pencil-barrel, thats for sure... You dont believe that the carbon fibre will better the accuracy ? As far as the safety goes, how do you explain that an already safe contour will be questionable when applying CF? The heat dispersion isnt too important to me. </div></div>

I misread your initial post as you were planning to re-contour the blank that you're starting with and sizing it based on QL output. QL pressure curve data isn't necessarily going to give appropriate safety margins and there's more to sizing barrel contours and associatively, action tenons/lugs/lug abutments than just Lame' equations. It was a word of caution to be careful as I don't know your experience/education in this regard.

CFRP wound structure finishes with a modulus that's around 3-5% of the comparative modulus that barrel steels maintain. Adding the weight and material to the outside doesn't do much for you in terms of stiffness, especially with wound filament as opposed to pultruded, compression molded or semi-planar laminate.

Adhesion characteristics, the barrel heat associated with use and the largely different CTE between the CFRP and barrel steel is going to cause longer term post-cure bonding issues at the interface surfaces.

It will only be stiffer if you can figure out how to make sure it stays there through the life of the barrel, once it starts to loosen up and wiggle in places how do you think that will affect the repeatability of the rifle? We know how letting the barrel touch the stock sometimes will totally jack up a rifle, so failing bond interface will very likely jack up the repeatability of the rifle in a manner you're not going to like.

The purpose that many are striving to increase stiffness for is actually to push the natural frequency of the barrel up. It may work out that because of the added mass from the CFRP with a weak bond interface for load transfer and marginal material properties of wound filament bonded to the steel you're going to end up dropping the natural frequency of the system. Certainly? I don't know, I'd have to actually sit down and do the math on it to see, but it's been known to happen in other structures that I've analyzed.



So, to kind of cap off the novella:

1) If you keep an already proven-safe contour then the safety issue is mitigated and I'll retract my safety statement.

2) Heat dissipation, stiffness and associatively the Fn on the system are all not going to meet the goals you've set forth

3) Filament wound application is poor for this due to how wound filament carries load

4) Bond interface will very likely have longevity issues for several reasons



Overall an appropriately contoured barrel from a solid barrel maker will do very well without the added hassles and experimentation and issues that will very likely arise from this.

If you wanted to do it because it looks cool, then the best of luck to you. As long as you're not cutting away steel on the assumption that the CFRP will carry the load instead, I wish you the best of luck in the endeavor.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

thanks for the input, but im going through with this. This will be done on a bolt action rifle, and the heat will not be great. I will do it on a worn out barrel that i'll get for free from a gunsmith buddy. This is for me an interesting project, and what i hope to achieve is greater knowlege about filament winding and having a cool barrel at the end. It doesnt need to 1/4 MOA. The barrel will not even sit permanent in my 700 (at least thats not the plan).
As for suppressor material, i never would use CF, because my experience with silencers says they get a lot hotter than the barrel...

Again, id like all the input i can get, but im mainly interested in people with experience with CF barrels.

Edit to Bohem.
I understand you have alot of knowledge about this, and I do understand your doubts, i dont really expect much. As for what I've seen and heard about christensen, they dont really impress. Im just a poor engeneer student who likes to mess around in the workshop with my own projects. They might not work as good as i hope, but i enjoy the time spent and i use what i learn and see in practice to better understand my work. This project wont cost me a cent, as i have a cool professor and a good buddy with worn out barrels... hope you understand, even though it might seem stupid;)
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: sirhitalot</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Im just a poor engeneer student who likes to mess around in the workshop with my own projects. They might not work as good as i hope, but i enjoy the time spent and i use what i learn and see in practice to better understand my work. This project wont cost me a cent, as i have a cool professor and a good buddy with worn out barrels... hope you understand, even though it might seem stupid;) </div></div>

I completely understand and that's a great way to look at things. I learned an enormous amount of stuff doing things on my own in the shops at school and at my parents' just tinkering and trying things out. Don't give up that, I have fresh graduates and interns rolling through my group all the time that don't know which end of the wrench to turn and they want to call themselves engineers. I like to call them applied mechancis/scientists "why?"

Because Mechanical Engineers are meant to get their hands dirty.

Good luck with the project and with the rest of school.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

Sirhitalot

Don't ever be scared of failure. Often we learn more and varied lessons by failing than we ever do by playing it safe.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Dave Tooley</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Sirhitalot

Don't ever be scared of failure. Often we learn more and varied lessons by failing than we ever do by playing it safe. </div></div>

bowdown.gif
bowdown.gif
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Dave Tooley</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Sirhitalot

Don't ever be scared of failure. Often we learn more and varied lessons by failing than we ever do by playing it safe. </div></div>

As long as its done in a safe manner, especially to those surrounding the experiement unknowingly, I wholeheartedly agree. Well said.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: ddavis</div><div class="ubbcode-body">I have a carbon fiber silencer, bought from a company who hyped it as being "the shit." They said that it dissipated heat so quickly that it would not get overheated. Yes, I could fire 5 rounds through it, and it was only moderately warm. I gathered from this that it was HOLDING IN the heat, and not dissipating it at all.

Later it exploded into a glorious carbon fiber mess. The heat cycles had weakened the epoxy used to hold the carbon fiber together. This was with less than 200 rounds through it, slow fire, most of them 300 Blackout (weak!)

The epoxy used to bind commercial carbon fiber is only good for 300-400 degrees, and probably starts to get soft long before that. It's great for canoe paddles, but I would never again use it in a high heat environment.

Best of luck to you.

-Dan </div></div>

Didn't happen to buy one of those out of CC Tx. did you ???
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

thanks guys. I'll keep you updated as it goes along. Dont expect anything in the closest weeks though. This stuff takes time, and its not like i dont have enough to do as it is:)
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

I think the idea is good, exactly that has been recently done by a friend of mine with good results. Certainly an improvement compared to earlier tests with thin walled steel sections.
I'm also planning on making myself a 308 barrel down those lines. Not sure if wrapping is the only or best option.
edi
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: bohem</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Because Mechanical Engineers are meant to get their hands dirty.</div></div>

This is The Truth. The only exception I'd take to this is that *all* engineers should be getting dirt under their fingernails; heading out to the shop to make some chips ain't just for the mechanical guys
wink.gif


To the OP, I'll simply reiterate what others have already said - experiment your ass off, just so long as you can stay reasonably safe (note that risk can never be eliminated, only reduced to an acceptable level). More often than not, things won't work out; analyze your failures, learn something, and move onward.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: edi</div><div class="ubbcode-body">I think the idea is good, exactly that has been recently done by a friend of mine with good results. Certainly an improvement compared to earlier tests with thin walled steel sections.
I'm also planning on making myself a 308 barrel down those lines. Not sure if wrapping is the only or best option.
edi </div></div>
So your friend used carbon wrapping? Could you get hold of some pictures or tips? What kind of technique do you prefer to use instead? Sheets of CF?
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: sirhitalot</div><div class="ubbcode-body"><div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: edi</div><div class="ubbcode-body">I think the idea is good, exactly that has been recently done by a friend of mine with good results. Certainly an improvement compared to earlier tests with thin walled steel sections.
I'm also planning on making myself a 308 barrel down those lines. Not sure if wrapping is the only or best option.
edi </div></div>
So your friend used carbon wrapping? Could you get hold of some pictures or tips? What kind of technique do you prefer to use instead? Sheets of CF? </div></div>

I think the main difference from previous barrels that he experimented with, was that the steel inner was slightly heavier in weight. In such a way that the inner would take the pressure without the carbon. The carbon just to stiffen the barrel.
The wrapping of his barrels is done by a company specialising in carbon wrapping. I don't know if he will make anything of his developements as they will need plenty testing and he has enough on his plate.
I'll try a combination of methods, just not happy with the angles achievable when wrapping. ...but we'll see
edi
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: WhiskyTangoFoxtrot</div><div class="ubbcode-body">I use carbon sleeves for building CF/aluminum drive shafts. Available in many sizes and even colors..

http://www.sollercomposites.com/composites/carbon%20fiber%20sleeves.html

http://www.cstsales.com/carbon_braid.html

after wet layup wrap with heat shrink tape hit it with heat gun and it squeeses all excess resin out.. </div></div>

that was a smart method. Found some of those in the lab last week and thought about the same. Do you just stretch in axially to tighten it around the barrel, or does the shrink tubing take care of that? I would be worried about it folding and wrinkling.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: sirhitalot</div><div class="ubbcode-body"><div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: WhiskyTangoFoxtrot</div><div class="ubbcode-body">I use carbon sleeves for building CF/aluminum drive shafts. Available in many sizes and even colors..

http://www.sollercomposites.com/composites/carbon%20fiber%20sleeves.html

http://www.cstsales.com/carbon_braid.html

after wet layup wrap with heat shrink tape hit it with heat gun and it squeeses all excess resin out.. </div></div>

that was a smart method. Found some of those in the lab last week and thought about the same. Do you just stretch in axially to tighten it around the barrel, or does the shrink tubing take care of that? I would be worried about it folding and wrinkling. </div></div>Exactly, pulling on each end tightens the sleeve like a finger cuff. And you can vary the fiber angle with different diameter sleeves. A smaller sleeve will give a higher fiber angle and a larger sleeve when pulled tight will orient the fibers more longitudenal.
Here is a link to the srink tape..
http://www.shrinktape.com/products/index.aspx
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

My model aviation hobby (RC planes) has taught me quite a bit about working with composite materials. A USRA Giant Scale Unlimited plane can hit upwards of 240mph (actual speed) and the airframes tolerate corners at over 30G's.

The general rule I seem to keep running across is the 50/50 ratio when it comes to resin/cloth.

Prepreg (pre impregnated carbon fiber) seems to be the best stuff for this as its a very uniform product. Just need the oven to cure it is all.

Might consider looking into it.

C.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

C.

On the prepreg fiber, it that something you can buy or make it by working the expoxy into the mat before you put it in place?
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Dave Tooley</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Sirhitalot

Don't ever be scared of failure. Often we learn more and varied lessons by failing than we ever do by playing it safe. </div></div>

I think it's a little OK to be afraid of failure when it comes to firearms.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: ddavis</div><div class="ubbcode-body">!)

The epoxy used to bind commercial carbon fiber is only good for 300-400 degrees, and probably starts to get soft long before that. It's great for canoe paddles, but I would never again use it in a high heat environment.

Best of luck to you.

-Dan </div></div>

I use a carbon fiber tuned pipe on one of my two stroke RC airplanes. It has many flights on it and I bet it gets all of 300 degrees, must be in the epoxy and construction.
 
Re: Carbon wrapped barrel

even though it holds up, it loses its strength significantly when exceeding its glass temperature (Tg).
glass-transition_300x203.gif


(The CTE, coefficient of thermal expansion indicates the transition, which again indicates loss of material strength)