For a young shooter ask yourself a few questions:
Are they interested in shooting currently ( they love plinking that 22 until the bucket of 500 rds are gone and beg for more) or is this their very first shooting experience?
I would say most young shooters already enjoy the sport so more than likely its moot. I am going to suggest a practical/frugal approach ( for those of us with modest income and high passion for the sport). Caliber selection is your first hurdle. I think for this many may agree the 6mm world as a good place to start. It offers all the things for the young and old shooter alike. Good factory ammo is available for most like the 243 or the 6mm Creedmoor. If you handload its moot cause your gonna make better on avg, even with moderate skills. You get good bullet selection, great BCs for long range pills and very low recoil. Now with that said the decision on what to go with is a bit trickier. You can build your rifle up with him/her, teaching them and allowing them to understand the entire system or you can purchase a ready to go and get them on the trigger asap.
For the predone you cannot go wrong with the Ruguer Precision in 6mm Creedmoor. Its a proven shooter and allows customization later as you desire. Swapping barrels is not too difficult and you can even bump up the caliber to the 6.5 or 308 as the shooter grows...( arguably the 6.5 would be the better choice but the 308 is a valid option as well) Paired with a good optic this is a hammer of a rifle for getting into the precision game. Downside.....if hunting is going to be a side hobby with it as well its a bit hefty and you wont see them enjoying trekking around with the beast.
The build up option is a Ruger American Predator ( they come in 6mm and 243 I believe....just have to shop around) Out of the box even with the crappy stock it is a shooter and will allow you to start quickly paired with a decent scope. You can then slowly build up the rifle adding a chassis or stock from Boyds, MDT etc....depending on the shooters desire. Its threaded so again you can choose a muzzle device or not...your option and the initial cost will be much lower and overall roughly the same. Just gives you time to build it up as a project and provides time together off the range as well. Having the RAP option also leaves you with a back up stock to use if they decide some light hunting is desired.
There are more pros and cons to consider but just some basic "food for thought" to get you and the young shooter started. Of course there are a great many other brands /actions out there and many are equal or superior to the Rugers. Your budget and the shooters desires are going to start you in the right ballpark.