I could do a list of differences here but don't have pictures.
Mauser has striker safety inside bolt that will not let firing pin drop until bolt is fully closed.
Mauser fully supports case head rather than coned breach with unsupported case.
Mauser has internal ring to help control escaping gas.
Mauser has bolt shroud which protects shooter from escaping gas in the event of primer or case gas escape. Blow a case head on a 70 and you get a face full of gas. I have had that happen.
Mauser action came in at least 22 configurations for every cartridge type and length.
Mauser magazine box is milled and hand fitted to the action. Winchester is stamped.
Mauser bolt has large gas escape vents that direct wayward gas down and out.
Mauser extractor and extractor collar is milled and WILL NOT jump over case rim. Either case comes out of chamber or head of case in some way fails. Winchester extractor is very cheap milled and collar is stamped. It can and will jump over rim and leave case in chamber. I have had it happen many times.
Winchester trigger is good. Mauser is several times as bullet proof and excellent.
Mauser came with many options including but not limited to Square ring, Square bridge and double square bridge. Solid and interrupted left wall. Standard safety, Greener safety and detent slide button safety or any combination of the three.
Mauser was cataloged in both left and right handed models in the 1920's!
Mauser can be field stripped and repaired a bit more easily.
A Oberndorf Mauser action in the 1930's cost more that a complete Winchester rifle. 120.00 vs 69.95
Mauser has long heavy cocking piece that insures fewer misfires with old ammo and poor priming.
Mauser has notch on cocking piece that allows a case to be utilized to re cock the striker if the rifle fails to fire.
Other that the above, the actions are practically similar.
The downside is that the only time a war was won by a country fielding a Mauser action was when both parties utilized it.