Movie Theater HBO-Chernoble
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When I heard about this series, I read an excellent dumb'd-down after action report about the incident. The automatic safety features that were manually bypassed, process for the test, the graphite issue with the cooling rods, etc. The fact they were testing emergency procedures while under unsafe output, the speed at which the cooling rods could be inserted. Very cool read.
From a medical perspective it was also very informative about immediate and lingering effects of acute radiation poisoning. From a law enforcement perspective it was interesting to read about the involuntary evacuations, etc.
Communism sucks.
From a medical perspective it was also very informative about immediate and lingering effects of acute radiation poisoning. From a law enforcement perspective it was interesting to read about the involuntary evacuations, etc.
Communism sucks.
There were a lot of errors there, nearly all of which were avoidable if they had any idea what they were doing. Ultimately though high positive void coefficient design = playing a very stupid game and winning a very stupid prize. Negative void coefficient designs are like taking a stick of dynamite out of a secure powder magazine but leaving the rest of the case in the magazine. if the stick goes off, you don't set it all off. A high void coefficient design is like deciding to carry the entire case around when you need one stick. The stupidity the preceded Chernobyl was like taking beating the top stick of dynamite (Still in the case) with a hammer 9 different ways to see what would happen. This was really possible because of a broken country and a broken system. The say the best lessons are expensive. They paid for this one with a lot of people's lives.
One more thing: this website is one of the most interesting I have ever seen on civilian access to Chernobyl area. Written by a woman named Elena, who is a bullet bike enthusiast that has made a number of incursions into the Control Zone. I have no affiliation with her - I just enjoyed the read and pictures many years ago. A quick perusal of her page indicates a couple of new stories since I reviewed it last - 1 on Chernobyl and a couple on what appear to be Easter European politics. I have no idea where she stands on the politics - I may try to read up if time permits. Website is not a super smooth design as it is late 90's, early 00's vintage. Elena never commercialized it, and so it was adopted by current host after Elena got sick of Angelfire bannering it to death. One of the most fascinating hobby pages I have ever seen.
Kid of Speed
Kid of Speed
Bypassing safeties, inoperable backup equipment, design characteristics, "The Russian mentality".......
On the void coefficient, RBMK1000's have a positive void coe. Reactor temperatures increase, reactivity will increase. ( Reactivity is the amount of reactions that are created compared to amount of reactions that occurred in the last generation. We run our power reactors just over 1. Most of the Rx's run between 1-1.1 depending on designs and conditions. You will loose some neutrons so that is why you run a slighly positive reactivity rate. Pressurized and boiling water reactors are negative void coe Rx's you increase the temperature of the moderator (water in our cases) reactivity decreases. So if your at NOP/NOT normal operating pressure and temperature 2335 PSI, 575 degrees Fahrenheit (in our case) , and you increase temperature you need to increase reactivity to maintain the same temperature level. In our case to increase reactivity at that point we would open steam valves further which will remove more heat from the reactor. Basically step on the throttle to get more power. Negative COE Rx are easy to control as they follow the turbine load. They will naturally reduce power when you reduce turbine load also, making them intrinsically safer than positive COE Rx. Positive Rx do have there place in the world, RBMK's, CANDO, and some research reactors. One they can operate on lower enrichment levels than negative COE reactors.
RBMK's are hard to control at low power levels. This is due to the large core footprint. Every time you make a change in reactivity in a location you change the reactivity in the sector above, below, left, right, front, and back of that sector. Your goal in operation is to have a flux map of energy that is as even as possible with the bulk of the energy in the center of the core. We put newer fuel more into the middle of the core and place older fuel to the outside of the core. This also aids in keeping more neutrons in the core.
With the large core section, you make a change in one sector it creates a wave effect through the core, this is not really a problem in PWR/BWR reactors due to core size. The RBMK core footprint is like ~20 times larger area, this wave effect is a challenge especially when you change rod position in one part of the core, they were fighting the wave trying to keep the turbine from tripping on low power, over reacted by jerking the rods out too far. Then the wave come back, and they were overpower in sections of the core. Resulting in hot spots flashing water to steam within the circulating tubes. They were fighting a loosing battle and needed to get it stable and try again. They kept saying screw it and kept going as management wanted the turbine coast down test done that night. You have to understand and trust what your instrumentation is telling you also. You have to look at other indicators to verify the parameters that your experiencing.
On the void coefficient, RBMK1000's have a positive void coe. Reactor temperatures increase, reactivity will increase. ( Reactivity is the amount of reactions that are created compared to amount of reactions that occurred in the last generation. We run our power reactors just over 1. Most of the Rx's run between 1-1.1 depending on designs and conditions. You will loose some neutrons so that is why you run a slighly positive reactivity rate. Pressurized and boiling water reactors are negative void coe Rx's you increase the temperature of the moderator (water in our cases) reactivity decreases. So if your at NOP/NOT normal operating pressure and temperature 2335 PSI, 575 degrees Fahrenheit (in our case) , and you increase temperature you need to increase reactivity to maintain the same temperature level. In our case to increase reactivity at that point we would open steam valves further which will remove more heat from the reactor. Basically step on the throttle to get more power. Negative COE Rx are easy to control as they follow the turbine load. They will naturally reduce power when you reduce turbine load also, making them intrinsically safer than positive COE Rx. Positive Rx do have there place in the world, RBMK's, CANDO, and some research reactors. One they can operate on lower enrichment levels than negative COE reactors.
RBMK's are hard to control at low power levels. This is due to the large core footprint. Every time you make a change in reactivity in a location you change the reactivity in the sector above, below, left, right, front, and back of that sector. Your goal in operation is to have a flux map of energy that is as even as possible with the bulk of the energy in the center of the core. We put newer fuel more into the middle of the core and place older fuel to the outside of the core. This also aids in keeping more neutrons in the core.
With the large core section, you make a change in one sector it creates a wave effect through the core, this is not really a problem in PWR/BWR reactors due to core size. The RBMK core footprint is like ~20 times larger area, this wave effect is a challenge especially when you change rod position in one part of the core, they were fighting the wave trying to keep the turbine from tripping on low power, over reacted by jerking the rods out too far. Then the wave come back, and they were overpower in sections of the core. Resulting in hot spots flashing water to steam within the circulating tubes. They were fighting a loosing battle and needed to get it stable and try again. They kept saying screw it and kept going as management wanted the turbine coast down test done that night. You have to understand and trust what your instrumentation is telling you also. You have to look at other indicators to verify the parameters that your experiencing.
All of the problems that happened at Chernoble were caused by communists,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,the left aspires to be communists. Want to prevent another disaster like this? Vote Republican.
I remember watching some documentary video in the last phase of training (A1W) where they had a handful of scientists going back into the 'sarcophagus' trying to find where the melted core had ended up. That was both eery, and tragic, in the way they had to go about it due to a lack of resources.
Then again, the same mentality was probably at work here as well...
Then again, the same mentality was probably at work here as well...
Hi,
Fitness athlete born with no legs and partial hand/fingers due to radiation fallout from Chernobyl.
Sincerely,
Theis
Fitness athlete born with no legs and partial hand/fingers due to radiation fallout from Chernobyl.
Sincerely,
Theis
Considerably less so when you have a number of the studs on the head cover missing the nuts... besides the ones that sheared due to vibration. There's a *reason* for the vibration trip setpoints...
Wish I could say I haven't seen things like that here...
Im hooked on it too........has the same flavor as the Russian sub disaster movie in the Bering sea.
Just watched the first episode, this should be good. It's been since Justified or SOA that I found a show I liked. This one will do for now, hope it doesn't get boring.
Lived in Moscow circa 1988.
I remember each morning in warm weather trucks coming and washing the streets with water and a Babushka in front of every building sweeping the walks into the gutter to allow the wash trucks to remove the dust and waste to the catch basins.
I just thought it was Soviet make work but people at the embassy long term claimed it was a post Chernobyl program to remove contaminants from the streets.
I dont currently glow in the dark.
