Re: Starting from scratch.
- Mitutoyo Calipers
- Sinclair Bump Gauge Body and Insert for Caliber
- Sinclair Hex Style Bullet Comparator
- Hornady LNL OAL gauge - get the bent version for semi-autos it works for bolt and semi-auto
- Sinclair Digital Case Neck Micrometer
- Sinclair Concentricity Gauge (I wouldn't buy the NECO for concentricity)
These items will allow you to measure what you need to measure. I would consider all necessary except for maybe the Sinclair Digital Case Neck Micrometer. You will need some sort of Micrometer to figure out neck thickness so you know what size bushings to buy in various calibers, and that is the best. I rarely use mine any more. I used mine for turning necks and for sorting brass.
I had a Neil Jones Custom Die made. In order to do this, you must neck only size for three firings, then send Neil the fired cases and he makes you a die based on the thrice fired casings. I bought a Redding Die to Neck Only Size. I bought the micrometer version, which is overkill for neck-only sizing (for what I do). I size in two steps using the Redding die first to size to do 80% of the sizing on the neck, and then a Neil Jones for full length sizing after neck only sizing. This aids in concentricity. Spring for the titanium nitride bushings on the Redding neck dies. Because you can.
For seating, I have the Neil Jones Custom Seater, both the threaded die and the arbor press (Wilson) style die. I also have the Redding Competition Seater. The Redding Competition Seater is just as good as the Neil Jones and cheaper. I see no benefit to the Wilson style seater. Maybe if I were seating at the range. Concentricity is no better. And I have measured many many rounds.
For a single stage, I like the Forster Co-ax. It will not do well sizing cases larger than 30-06. The Harrel's Tooling Turret Press is a very nice conventional press that doesn't get a lot of mention here. If I did not have a Co-ax, I would probably own that... if only to tick off fans of the Redding T7.
For a progressive press, I would get a Dillon. I have the 650. The 550 would be fine. The reason to go with the Dillon over the Hornady AP, another fine press, is that there are lots of mods available including the tool head clamp by Unique Tek and the Floating Die Toolhead by John Whidden as well as scores of other mods. I would not start with a progressive regardless. You need to learn to operate a single stage press. Period.
Cleaning - I use Thumler's Tumbler and Stainless Steel Media and buy Hornady Ultrasonic Case Cleaner as a solution. There is none better. This works a lot better than the Dawn and Citrinox that I was using. There is a home brew formula around here for solution. Skip it. It does not do as well as Hornady US Case Cleaner.
For a trimmer - Giraud. Enough said.
For a priming tool- Sinclair's makes the best for feel, but it is slow to use. It is what I use.
I have a pocket uniformer and a flash hole uniformer that I never use because I buy Lapua brass and clean with SS media. If I did not use SS Media, the pocket uniformer would be great for cleaning pockets, and I have used it for that one or twice. I bought them from a nice couple who got a mention in Zediker's book on precision reloading. Nice people. Can't remember the name of the company.
For powdering, the Prometheus is the best, if you can afford it. Next comes the Sartorius GD-503 scale with a Lee Perfect Powder Measure and Omega Trickler. The GD-503 is much more expensive now than when I bought it. Still, if you want to use the best scale available, it is it. Below that is the Sartorius AY-123 with the Omega Trickler and Lee Perfect Powder Measure. The AY-123 drifts a lot and is infuriatingly variable. You will need to get a block of granite to sit it on for stability. You will need to get a line conditioner to assure consistent electrical current. You will need to keep it away from fluorescent light and cell phones while in use. You will do all of this and it will still drift on you. You need to rezero it with each charge. This will get you more precise charge weights than the RCBS Chargemaster. If +/- about a tenth of a grain is ok with you, the Chargemaster is a less aggravating solution than the AY-123, but the AY-123 will get you more precision. If you get the Chargemaster, reprogram it and use the McDonald's straw trick.
Case lube - imperial sizing die wax. I wipe it off with some rubbing alcohol and a yellow microfibre cloth you can buy at Costco. For turning necks, I use the Hornady Unique Case Lube and glob it on. Don't ask me why I use Imperial for sizing and Unique for turning. I do it mainly because it is cheaper and it doesn't feel as consistent as the Imperial.
Sharpie marker. You will need it during load development to write charge weights and seating depths on cases. You might need it to detect burrs or to see high points when turning. If you want to mark the high side after running for concentricity, it is also handy. You will need a sharpie marker. If you use the ladder test, different colors are good, too. If you color the ogive and shank of the bullet, it will rub off on the target, identifying bullet holes.
On Target analysis software... a must for load development.
Fun stuff for extra credit (hardly necessary, but oh, so fun):
John Whidden Bullet pointing tool. Uniforms bullet points, shrinking the meplat, and gives you a little extra BC.
Montour Rifle Meplat Trimmer (MCR Trimmer). I don't often trim meplats, but when I do, I prefer the MCR. It actually has a neat little gadget that lets you re-hollow out the hollow point after you trim the meplat. Hey, if you are anal enough to trim meplats, you will be anal enough to re-uniform the tip. Besides, I used the Sinclair, and while it is easy to use, because it is made of plastic, how much is trimmed depends on how much pressure you put on the bullet.
If you get the meplat trimmer, you are going to want to run it with a DeWalt cordless screwdriver. You will need it for turning necks as well.
Speaking of neck turners, this is hardly necessary, but I do it religiously. I turn twice before firing, first to remove 80% of the material, then I turn it down a little more and turn a second time. This gets us a nice uniform neck thickness. Now shoot that brass a couple of times and your neck sizes will be all over the place again. Turn again after 3 firings. That is when most of the brass flows forward to the neck.
But back to the gear. I like the Pumpkin turner by Neilson for a couple of reasons. The shape makes it easy to grasp, the wide blade makes for nice even cuts and also acts as a heat sink for when you turn at high speeds. The eccentric design makes adjusting pretty easy. Buy these from Bruno's Shooters Supply. If you get the turner, you will need to get sizing mandrels as well. You will find that you need to use these mandrels any way to have from time to time. If I drop a case on the floor and bend the neck, I will often pop it in the mandrel die before resizing.
I have tried turning with a drill press, turning with a cordless screwdriver, and turning by hand. The drill press was horrible. The cordless screwdriver was better. I have found turning by hand to be best consistency wise. For a caseholder, I like the Sinclair caseholder. I tried one from Midway that looked great but did not work as well. I use a ratcheting screwdriver handle and chuck the Sinclair caseholder in there, but if you want to use the DeWalt cordless screwdriver, you can chuck it in there as well.
I haven't been reloading too long, but I have a lot of crap. I actually use most of it. If I don't use it any more, I have told you why. In case you figured it out, I don't know how to do cheap, but I know how to do it right. I reload pistol to save money. I will have to reload for 50 years to pay myself back for all of the reloading gear I have spent on precision rifle stuff. Come to think of it... I might just get to pay myself back.