Re: Buying firearms out of state residency
Federal law requires that an FFL abide by federal law, the law of the state in which the sale occurs, and state law of the resident state of the tranfreree.
Handguns may not be sold to anyone other than residents of the state in which the transfer takes place. Long guns may be sold to residents of other states, if in compliance with all law.
Here is a good example: West Virginia residents can buy long guns in Virginia. The sale complies with Federal Law, West Virginia Law, and Virginia Law.
Virginia residents may not buy long guns in WV. This is because Virginia law requires that a VA State Police check be conducted on transferees, and West Virginia dealers have no way the conduct a VA SP check; WV uses NICS.
ATF Publishes a book of state ad federal law, and it is up to the FFL to determine if the sale is allowed. Many FFLs just are not going to risk running afoul of federal law, and sell long guns only to residents. FFLs in areas very near state borders are usually more familiar with the rules.
You may have only one state of permanent residence. Requirements vary, but usually take 30-90 days residency with the intent to make that state your permanent home.
Let me qualify all of this.. I try to know and understand the law, and this is the way I interpret things; but it may be absolutely wrong !