Re: Newb question about recoil lugs.....
Its what keeps the action from sheering off the stock bolts and slamming into your face when the weapon fires. Probably a bit dramatic, but it makes my point. Its the primary transfer point of recoil from the action, to the stock.
Thicker lug, in theory leads to less flex, I've never heard of a factory lug breaking but who knows, somebody will probably scour the internet and find one. I think a thicker lug is nice in that it fits the recess better and hopefully gives you more uniform contact on the sides and maybe the front.
When you bed a rifle the contact on the bottom, sides, front, and back of the lug are tight to within a few thousandths of an inch. Thats what I mean by thicker lug, hopefully better contact, and less movement.
More important than thickness is that the lug is flat, and has flat contact with the face of the action, so that you get an even and straight transfer of the energy from the rifle. When an action is trued the gunsmith very often removes a bit of meat from the front of the action, maybe the bolt, to verify all the angles are perpendicular and allow the whole rifle to be assembled good and straight.
Rich
**Edited to add, the lug recess on the AI chassis I have is .250. My lug is .250 thick. Its a tight fit, as opposed to the old factory lug that had more room to wiggle. I want less room to wiggle. You can get down to almost no wiggle room by bedding, but I like chassis systems that shoot well without bedding.
For one, I've seen bedding get softer and deteriorate a bit with exposure to the elements, and for another you essentially marry the stock to the action. Can you remove bedding? Yes. Is it a royal pain in the ass? Yes.
I like actions I can bolt in and go. If you can get the rifle to shoot 1/2 MOA without bedding, on a tactical rifle...do you really need to bed it at that point? With target rifles and competition, your results and needs may vary. I think 1/2 MOA is a nice round accuracy goal. If your rifle will shoot that tight, its more than sufficient. If your rifle doesn't shoot that tight, chances are its you, not the rifle.
My groups went from an inch or more down under a half inch at 100 with a factory Remington 700 after a lot of reading here and practice on the range, and there's guys that can do a lot better with more consistency than I can. Don't over obsess about what small components will do with regard to accuracy.