We don’t have this. It existed for a few years and was called the Articles of Confederation. The constitution destroyed what you described and set in motion the inevitable rogue federal gov’t that exists today and which was warned about and documented at the time in the Anti-Federalist Papers. The well connected and powerful wanted to control the poor via a centralized and stronger federal gov’t which they got via the constitution. A revolution nearly took place as a result which ultimately led to the adoption of the bill of rights which wasn’t nearly enough to curtail what was surely to come.snip…
The reason we have a constitution with limited, enumerated powers is so that the outcome of an election does not result in tyranny.
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Read through these for some eye opening prophetic forewarnings of what will come if the constitution is ever adopted.

ANTI-FEDERALIST PAPERS
The Anti-Federalist Papers During the period from the drafting and proposal of the federal Constitution in September, 1787, to its ratification in 1789 there was an intense debate on ratification. […]
