I'm not a local but do have a few suggestions.
Places to eat:
Zinburgers, there are 2 locations, best burgers evah!
Gus Balon's for breakfast, great home cooking.
La Parilla Suiza, Mexican.
Maya Quetzal, Guatamalan, great grub in a tiny little joint.
Molina's Mexican, self explanatory...
The Settlement on Old Spanish Trail, try the smoked meat burrito, freakin crazy good, beer and sports TV in the bar.
Stuff to do:
Hit the Desert Museum which is more like a zoo with all the local animals, bugs, reptiles etc. The drive over Grant's pass to get there is worth it alone.
Rent a motorcycle from Tucson Dave (He's here on the Hide) and head south to Tombstone, Patagonia, Bisbee, Tubac etc. Great little towns to poke around.
If you like caves, look at Colossal Cave and Kartchner Caverns, its a good time.
The drive up Mt Lemmon is amazing as well as a ride up Sabino Canyon.
We like to try to hit a Phoenix Coyotes NHL game too, just a short drive from Tucson.
Don't know much about the night life as I gave that up a while ago....
Hope this helps a bit, good luck!
LX