The F-22 is an air superiority fighter first and foremost.
It is extremely effective, but also not linked to other platforms like the F-35 is. It could have been updated to include a lot of the networking, sensors, and data fusion that the F-35 has, but really the F-22 is a fairly old design. The best performing fighter we have, but still on the old end to be revamping in such significant ways.
The budget only allowed one, and the F-35 was cheaper and was able to be sold to other countries. Which both helps with cost and with integration in a combined/multinational fight. The F-22 could not be. The F-35 was also made with work being performed in far more congressional districts than the F-22. I’m sure that was a big part of Congress’ decision.
Another plan was that a 6th Gen air superiority fighter was already in R&D when the F-22 was axed.
It was designed and envisioned to be an air dominance fighter, so no matter what the Soviets did to upgrade the Su-27 and MiG-29, nothing would give them an edge to be able to counter the ATF. Air superiority fighters deliver a favorable exchange rate, assuming there will be losses on both sides. We relied on training, systems quality, and performance to continually try to keep an edge in the F-15C vs Su-27 and Su-30 one-up game. With F-22 vs any Flanker, there isn’t anything they can do to level the playing field, even with a high-hr Sukhoi pilot vs a low-hr Raptor pilot.
The F-22 pioneered the IFDL LPI data link, which is line-of-sight, high data-transfer rate, can’t really be intercepted or jammed with any EW systems. This is a giant leap over any of the Link-16(V)X systems and protocols, which are omnidirectional.
F-35’s MADL data link is another leap over F-22’s IFDL, mainly because it can transfer higher saturated data from fused RF and Electro-Optical/IR sensors and interleave that with other F-35s.
F-22 also pioneered sensor fusion and interleaved sensor data sharing among flights of F-22s, giving it better SA than any AWACS could provide. Even though F-22 uses a more advanced data link than legacy fighters, they can provide better information to joint tactical distribution systems, which then pipe that into the legacy Link- equipped fighters as necessary. F-35’s systems were natural evolutions and fulfillment of things from the ATF program, some of which were dropped from ATF due to cost concerns. Advanced IRST was one of those, which carried over somewhat into EOTS in the F-35.
The budget was planned for both ATF and JSF to supersede and replace F-15Cs and F-16Cs in USAF, which are on different tracks and not interchangeable. The claimed cost savings SECDEF Gates made blatantly contradicted the reality of having to fund SLEP for the F-15C and A-10 fleets, where billions were spent on structural repairs and layering of newer sensors and avionics on antiquated architecture from the late 1970s-mid 1980s. By holding onto F-15Cs and A-10s well past their service lives, we cheated ourselves from going into FRP with a relevant modern and future system with the F-22, and still spent the money on dead-end airframes that weren’t very useful in the Air Tasking Order.
If F-22A could have gone into FRP, we were looking at a $93m airframe flyaway cost due to volume order benefits downstream among the subcontractors and streamlined final assembly.
Both the F-22 and F-35 share the same basic Congressional district industrial base manufacturing share, but F-35 is traitor-proofed in that its industrial base was spread among many nations who all really need replacements for their F-16s, F/A-18s, and Harriers.
The traitors within still worked hard to cancel or hinder the F-35 program, and were successful in Canada in delaying its acquisition even though Canada has some of the largest industrial share in the JSF program, with over 100 companies making parts for the entire enterprise.
Either way, we’ve delivered over 1,185 F-35s to-date, and in the first week of July, the program update will include mention of having surpassed 1,200 airframes delivered to customers.